The Worst Crisis Since the Great Depression is Unfolding – Slowly But Surely

July 18, 2010

http://www.munknee.com/2010/07/draft-worst-crisis-since-the-great-depression-parts-1-2/

It’s easy to lose perspective on where the global economy stands – to be confused by the daily deluge of information – so let’s look at the big-picture of where we are today. As an investor it can mean the difference between making and losing a lot of money. So let’s take a look and see where we are at and what events are unfolding - slowly but surely.

Lorimer Wilson, editor of www.FinancialArticleSummariesToday.com, provides below further reformatted and edited [..] excerpts from the Bryan Rich’s (http://www.moneyandmarkets.com) original articles* for the sake of clarity and brevity to ensure a fast and easy read. Rich goes on to say:

We have endured the sharpest fall in global economic activity since the Great Depression and one of the most threatening financial crises ever and, according to studies by the IMF, recoveries of past recessions with these dualities tend to be longer and slower than normal recoveries — typically around five years until economies sustainably resume trend growth. That means, if you mark the start of the recent crisis as late 2007, we’re less than three years in! Therefore, we should expect more bumps in the road ahead. Furthermore, history also shows us that financial crises are generally followed by sovereign debt crises, which is where we are now.

The 4 Stages of Sovereign Debt Crises:

Stage #1 - Burgeoning Deficits:

In a financial crisis government spending increases dramatically in attempts to stabilize the financial system and stimulate economic activity. Tax revenues fall, fiscal surpluses turn into deficits and economies with existing deficits keep piling it on – and that is just what is unfolding now.

The leading economies of the world have all seen their deficits shoot higher, some to record levels. In fact, the deficit spending that’s gone on in recent years can be summed up as follows: Over 40 percent of world GDP comes from countries that are running deficits in excess of 10 percent.

Stage #2 - Ballooning Debt:

When economies are contracting or even growing slowly, bringing these deficits back down to earth becomes an unenviable challenge. Governments have to make ends meet by turning to the markets. Then those burgeoned deficits turn into growing debt loads – and that is just what is unfolding now.

When debt reaches 80 percent of GDP threshold, the borrowing costs for governments starts ticking higher and so does the market scrutiny. The IMF says five of the top seven developed countries in the world will have debt levels exceeding 100 percent of GDP in the next four years.

Stage #3 - Credit Downgrades:

When deficits and debts rise and economic activity appears unlikely to curtail fiscal problems, the credit worthiness of the government falls under intense scrutiny. That’s when we see downgrades – and that is just what is unfolding now.

Greece’s sovereign debt rating has been downgraded to junk status. Spain has lost its AAA rating and the UK could lose its AAA status if its deficit isn’t addressed. Japan’s outlook has been cut to negative and rating agencies have even warned the U.S.

Stage #4 - Sovereign Debt Defaults:

This is the final and most deadly stage because downgrades only make the vicious cycle of weak economic activity and growing dependence on debt worse. When investors see more risk, they require more return [and, as such,] the borrowing costs for these troubled countries rise. Then it becomes harder to finance spending needs and harder to finance existing debt and that’s when we see defaults – and that is on the verge of unfolding.

When S&P downgraded Greece to junk status, it warned debt holders [that they] should be prepared to receive just 30 cents on the dollar… [in spite of the] $1 trillion rescue package committed by the EU and IMF. [Then there is] Spain, an economy that represents 12 percent of GDP for the euro zone, [which is] rumored to be next in line for a massive funding request.

In sum, a sovereign debt crisis has arrived – the fuel for contagion is fear – and unless governments can demonstrate they’re willing to take tough steps to reign in debt this crisis can spread quickly.

Currenncy Crises Are Likely Next:

History shows us that financial crises tend to be followed by sovereign debt crises – and that sovereign debt crises tend to lead to currency crises, i.e. a loss of confidence in countries’ currencies which is something we’ve seen very clearly in recent months with the euro. A study from MIT on historical currency crises lays their progression out as follows:

The Three Stages of a Currency Crisis:

Stage #1 - Loss of Confidence:

The number one cause of a currency crisis is when investors flee a currency because they expect it to be devalued – and when the euro zone stepped in and threatened to cough up $1 trillion dollars in an attempt to save the euro monetary union, it was a conscious decision to devalue the euro.

Stage #2 - Herding Mentality:

When it’s thought that investors are moving out of a currency, others follow. [A case in point is the euro which] currently is being shorted [moreso than ever before in history] and when the market is heavily positioned one way — and the fundamentals support it and an intentional devaluation appears underway — big institutions have to react. Put simply, they have too much to lose by getting caught the wrong way. As such, for example, Iran’s central bank has announced they will be diversifying euro exposure by trading into gold and U.S. dollars while China and the UK have shown a significant increased interest in owning U.S. dollars as opposed to euros.

Stage #3 - Contagion:

Contagion is a phenomenon in which a currency crisis in one country triggers crisis in other countries with similar weaknesses. A crisis that started in Dubai now confronts Greece, Spain, Portugal … and will likely spread to the UK, Japan and even the U.S.

Conclusion:

The day-to-day ebb and flow of economic data and news can be distracting. That’s why it’s important, especially with all that is going on, to keep the big picture in perspective. History shows us that a global recession when combined with a financial crisis tends to stifle economic activity longer than normal recessions. History also shows us that financial crises tend to lead to sovereign debt crises, which tend to lead to currency crises so, with that in mind, it’s fair to say that a V-shaped economic recovery has always been very unlikely.

We are going to see more shocks to the global economy, more challenges and more investors fleeing risky investments in favor of safe havens. [Got gold?]

My God, Is There A Rule Of Law? by Karl Denninger:

http://stockmarketchartanalyst.blogspot.com/2010/06/my-god-is-there-rule-of-law-by-karl.html

Posted at 08:37 - Monday, June 7. 2010

It may not be here in the US, but this could be a start! ( http://tinyurl.com/38quko9 )
(Warning: In German!)

Interestingly enough, Der Spiegel, which usually has an English version of most articles, doesn't have one of this entry I can find. I was therefore forced to Google Translate it - take a read. ( http://tinyurl.com/2crovme )

The keys to this are the allegation that the "greek bailout" is unlawful under the Lisbon Treaty (no really?)

The government has responded (big surprise - NOT!) that if an injunction issues the result would be a self-fulfilling default and cites that "EU countries could be vulnerable."

No, really? I thought that was what you called it when you didn't have the money to pay your bills!

That of course isn't the point of the complaint. The complaint rests (properly, in my opinion) on the premise that the so-called "boom" in many parts of Europe was financed with German capital, which was effectively appropriated under false pretenses.

Gee, where have we seen this before? Banksters lying and cheating (cough-liar loans-cough!) and trading in derivatives without any money behind them (cough-AIG-cough!) and when the smoke clears suddenly the national governments are told "hand over hundreds of billions right now or the puppy dies!"

Uh huh...

G20 governments are increasingly coming to the realization that "borrow and spend" doesn't - and can't - work in the intermediate and longer term. Despite the bleating of Geithner at the G20 meeting he got nowhere trying to jawbone people into more Keynesian-style games.

We blew $4 trillion in the United States over the last two years and change and got nothing for it, and as a consequence we are stuck with the debt and haven't solved the problem. $4 trillion, of course, is about 30% of GDP, and this "support" has amounted to roughly 11% of GDP over the last three years.

We can either recognize that this won't work (just as it didn't in 2003 - all it did was create asset bubbles) and stop it, taking the pain we tried to defer (and added to) or we can take the risk of a complete detonation in the weeks and months ahead. Europe and the rest of the G20 appear to have woken up and decided that the Keynes-cum-idiocy is in fact idiocy, irrespective of the foolhardy and even criminally-insane bleating by Geithner and the Obama Administration.

The game, my friends, is afoot...

http://market-ticker.org/archives/2379-My-God,-Is-There-A-Rule-Of-Law.html

Market Decline Based On More Than Fear:

Comstock Partners, Inc.
May 20, 2010

http://www.comstockfunds.com/default.aspx?MenuItemID=29&&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1

Today marked a new phase in investors' understanding of the EU crisis. Although the Euro itself recovered a bit, investors realized that Europe's problems could spread to the U.S. and impede or stop its economic recovery. This would possibly mean that the 14-month market rebound in U.S. stocks may not have been justified. The possibility is more than just a fear, but a realistic assessment of a dire situation. Even if the EU and the Euro survive, all of the member governments, including the relatively stronger ones, would have to undertake severe spending cuts and pay down debt to rectify their budgets. These actions would lead to a long and serious economic slump that would most likely spread across the globe.

The crisis is also reminding investors that we have undergone two 50% plus market declines in the same decade and that the S&P 500 today closed at same level it first reached over 12 years ago in mid-March 1998. The two major declines are a reminder to traders of the benefits of getting out relatively early, while the lack of progress over 12 years make long-term investors wonder what they doing in the market. For those who didn't get out on time at the tops in early 2000 and late 2007, the bell is ringing for a third time.

The potential impact of the European crisis on the American economy and markets is not just Comstock's opinion. In testimony before a Congressional committee yesterday, Fed Governor Daniel Tarullo stated that sovereign debt problems in "peripheral" Europe could spill over and cause problems throughout Europe that, in turn, could be transmitted to global financial markets. This, he said, could cause banks and other financial institutions to pull back on lending as they did following the Lehman bankruptcy. "The result could be another source of risk to the U.S. recovery in an environment of still-fragile balance sheets and considerable slack".

The Fed's minutes of its last meeting, released this week, indicated that the economy was not doing quite as well as advertised, even before the impact of Europe's problems. Attributing the recent increases in consumer spending to temporary factors and a lowered savings rate, they concluded that it was unlikely that consumer spending would be the major factor in driving economic growth. They added that the housing market appeared to have flattened despite major government support and that both sales and starts had stalled at depressed levels. They also saw the possibility of increased foreclosures adding to already bloated inventories of vacant homes, threatening a downside risk to prices. The minutes mentioned that commercial real estate continued to fall as a result of deteriorating fundamentals, while bank lending was declining and credit remained tight.

Other recent economic releases were also not encouraging. The Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) reported a record 4.63% of mortgages in foreclosure in the first quarter with combined foreclosures and delinquencies amounting to 14% of all mortgages. We note that this is before an expected surge of new defaults and foreclosures as a result of foreclosures being delayed due to attempted workouts and the pending increase of adjustable-rate mortgages due for reset in coming months. In addition applications for new mortgages for home purchases plunged in the week following the expiration of the latest home buyers' tax credit. It was also reported today that initial weekly claims for unemployment insurance unexpectedly jumped to 470,000. While one week doesn't necessarily mean anything, we note that claims have now been flat since year-end, indicating that the labor market still remains weak.

We would be remiss if we didn't mention increasing concern about China as a negative market factor. The Chinese housing market has been booming, and the authorities have been slowly tightening monetary policy. In the first quarter the nation reported its first trade deficit since 2004. If the Chinese economy slows down at the same time that Europe is dealing with its crisis the U.S. and global economy will stall. This is already being reflected in a sudden decline in commodity prices on anticipation of a drop in Chinese purchases. We'll have more on this topic in subsequent comments.

In our view the 14-month rally since March 2009 is over and a major decline is underway. The recent decline has been extreme in the short-term, and some sharp rallies are likely. However, we believe that none of these rallies will hold and that the eventual market bottom will be far lower than today's level.

Europe's Mounting Crisis: "We're on Life Support," Chris Whalen Says:

May 19, 2010 07:30am EDT by Heesun Wee

http://tinyurl.com/262m6oa

Despite a nearly $1 trillion rescue plan, concerns about Europe continue to haunt the financial markets. Late Tuesday, the euro slid to more than a 4-year low against the dollar, triggering another sell-off in U.S. stocks.

Beyond the obvious problems with Europe's "PIIGS", investors worldwide are nervously wondering how badly Europe's sovereign debt crisis is affecting the banking system -- both over there and here at home.

"In some ways European banks are worse than ours. They're certainly less transparent," says our guest Chris Whalen, managing director at Institutional Risk Analytics. "It's a strange time. And I think it talks to the basic lack of competitiveness, the lack of productivity really in Europe. And you also have the same problem in the U.S. We just have the flexibility of being able to print money."

So what does Europe's end game look like?...

"For Europe, basically they have two options: Individual countries can continue to borrow money until they can't. Then they hit the wall," says fellow guest John Mauldin, president of Millennium Wave Advisors and author of the Thoughts from the Frontline e-letter. "Or they can willingly throw themselves into a Depression by cutting their deficits dramatically."

For now, Whalen says politicians aren't willing to make the tough choices about spending and cutting deficits. Instead, "we're just managing bubbles here," he says. "To me we're on life support right now. We still haven't figured out as a society, both Europe and the US, how we fix these economies and make them go again," Whalen says.

Anxiously Watching the Euro...

With the global financial markets seemingly hanging on its every move, the fate of the euro is obviously a huge wild-card right now. But Mauldin or Whalen believe it's unlikely the EU will disintegrate and the euro disbanded, as Paul Volcker suggested last week, but both believe the currency is heading lower.

"I think the euro's going to parity. The pound's going to parity," Mauldin says. "And we're going to see the yen go to $100, then $125, then $150. Pretty soon we'll get a bid for $200 and $250," which will have huge implications for global trade.

"Not one of those countries [in Europe and the rest of Asia], not any of those businesses, and any of those exporters in those countries are going to be upset," Mauldin says. "They're going to be happy because they're going to be able to export with cheap currencies against us."